-
3 Biotech Dec 2022Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are believed to have health-promoting properties to the host and can be used in therapeutics interventions; intriguingly, they have the...
UNLABELLED
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are believed to have health-promoting properties to the host and can be used in therapeutics interventions; intriguingly, they have the property to produce bio-preservatives substances. Therefore, this study aimed to mine probiotics and evaluate their safety, functional properties, and cholesterol-lowering capability. Seven potential probiotic strains were compared from 56 LAB strains isolated from traditional Chinese fermented milk. The results showed that all tested strains are tolerant to gastric acidity (45.5-83.26) and bile salts (11.92-92.91%) and have antibacterial activity against ATCC25923 and ATCC25922. Likewise, it lowered the cholesterol levels in vitro by live cells (26.57-45.76%) and dead cells (29.53-50.97%) with remarkable aggregation ability (13.8-43.71%). Antioxidant properties and produce short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were strain-dependent features. Upon assessment of the safety, NWAFU-BIO-AS14 exhibited virulence factors genes (VFs) of (mur-2ed, odc, and tet(K)) and + hemolysis activity. While NWAFU-BIO-A-B24 and NWAFU-BIO-B-S6 have VFs of (odc, vanC2, and ant(6)-Ia). NWAFU-BIO-D-B2 has only (odc). Thus, they are not considered as safe probiotics. In contrast, NWAFU-BIO-BS29, NWAFU-BIO-AS16, and NWAFU-BIO-D-S7 are the safest and best strains, respectively, due to the absence of 16 VFs and their sensitivity to antibiotics such as kanamycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamycin, vancomycin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and ampicillin. Accordingly, these strains have a high potentiality to be used as starter cultures or safely applied as perfect probiotics in functionals food and feed.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03403-z.
PubMed: 36340806
DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03403-z -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Nov 2009Three repetitive-element PCR techniques were evaluated for the ability to type strains of Lactobacillus species commonly identified in the chicken gastrointestinal... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Three repetitive-element PCR techniques were evaluated for the ability to type strains of Lactobacillus species commonly identified in the chicken gastrointestinal tract. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR) produced species- and strain-specific profiles for Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gallinarum, Lactobacillus johnsonii, and Lactobacillus reuteri isolates. The technique typed strains within these species equally as well as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. DNA concentration and quality did not affect the ERIC-PCR profiles, indicating that this method, unlike other high-resolution methods, can be adapted to high-throughput analysis of isolates. Subsequently, ERIC-PCR was used to type Lactobacillus species diversity of a large collection of isolates derived from chickens grown under commercial and necrotic enteritis disease induction conditions. This study has illustrated, for the first time, that there is great strain diversity within each Lactobacillus species present and has revealed that chickens raised under commercial conditions harbor greater species and strain diversity than chickens raised under necrotic enteritis disease induction conditions.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Chickens; Cluster Analysis; DNA Fingerprinting; DNA Primers; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; Gastrointestinal Tract; Genotype; Interspersed Repetitive Sequences; Limosilactobacillus reuteri; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Genetic
PubMed: 19749057
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01150-09 -
Journal of Food Science and Technology Mar 2018In this study, it was aimed to determine microbial flora members in three traditional Tulum cheeses (C1, C2 and C3) produced in different villages and settlement areas...
In this study, it was aimed to determine microbial flora members in three traditional Tulum cheeses (C1, C2 and C3) produced in different villages and settlement areas in İzmir, Turkey. For this purpose, culture depended and 16S rRNA based culture independent methods were used. According to the results of culture depended method, spp., spp., spp., spp., spp. and yeast-mold were detected in all samples at different levels. In order to determine and identify both of the culturable and non-culturable microorganisms, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method was used. DGGE results have shown that there were eight different dominant microorganisms (, subs. , subs. , , , , , ) in three regionally cheese samples. Further more, total bacterial loads were monitored with real-time PCR (qPCR) method. According to the results, 3.5 × 10, 3.8 × 10, 8.4 × 10 copy number of DNA was detected in C1, C2 and C3 cheese samples, respectively. This study is the first description for the dynamics of microbial composition of Izmir Tulum cheese after the production and brining processes.
PubMed: 29487437
DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-3003-z -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2016Food and Drug Administration (FDA, USA)-approved category B antibiotics are commonly prescribed to treat infections during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to...
Food and Drug Administration (FDA, USA)-approved category B antibiotics are commonly prescribed to treat infections during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate antibiotic-induced changes in gut microbiota (GM) that occur during pregnancy. The 16S rRNA amplicon deep-sequencing method was used to analyze the effect of category B antibiotics (azithromycin, amoxicillin and cefaclor) on GM during pregnancy using a rat model. The GM composition was substantially modulated by pregnancy and antibiotics administration. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Chlamydiae, Actinobacteria, and Cyanobacteria were the dominant phyla. Antibiotic treatment during pregnancy increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and reduced Firmicutes. The genera Shigella, Streptococcus, Candidatus Arthromitus, and Helicobacter were significantly (p < 0.05) more abundant during pregnancy. Antibiotics significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the relative abundance of Lactobacillus but increased that of Enterobacter. There was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in Lactobacillus sp., Lactobacillus gallinarum and Lactobacillus crispatus during pregnancy. Antibiotic treatment reduced bacterial diversity; the lowest number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected in the cefaclor-treated groups. Antibiotics significantly (p < 0.05) promoted weight gain during pregnancy, and increased relative abundance of Shigella sonnei, Enterococcus hormaechei, and Acinetobacter sp. GM perturbations were accompanied by increases in Proteobacteria abundance and weight gain in pregnancy following antibiotic treatment.
PubMed: 27199748
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00104 -
Poultry Science Jan 2019Although Lactobacillus species have been administered widely as probiotics in poultry production, the mechanisms responsible for their functionality are not well...
Although Lactobacillus species have been administered widely as probiotics in poultry production, the mechanisms responsible for their functionality are not well understood. The genetic tools available for use in lactobacilli are advanced but have not been applied widely to investigate their probiotic functionality in poultry. The genome sequence of Lactobacillus gallinarum ATCC 33199, originally isolated from the chicken crop, has recently been made available suggesting this organism as a potentially important model organism for probiotic research in poultry. In this study, we demonstrated the functionality of the pORI28 system for construction of isogenic knockout mutants in L. gallinarum ATCC 33199 using insertional inactivation of lacL as proof-of-principle. The establishment of an effective chromosomal integration system for use in L. gallinarum ATCC 33199 will provide a platform for functional genomic analyses to investigate the functionality of this model organism in the gastrointestinal tract of poultry.
Topics: Chromosomes, Bacterial; Gene Knockout Techniques; Gene Silencing; Lactobacillus; Lactose; Mutagenesis, Insertional; beta-Galactosidase
PubMed: 30124967
DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey363 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Sep 2000The Lactobacillus acidophilus complex includes Lact. acidophilus, Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gallinarum, Lactobacillus gasseri and...
The Lactobacillus acidophilus complex includes Lact. acidophilus, Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gallinarum, Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus johnsonii. The objective of this work was to develop a rapid and definitive DNA sequence-based identification system for unknown isolates of the Lact. acidophilus complex. A approximately = 500 bp region of the 16S rRNA gene, which contained the V1 and V2 variable regions, was amplified from the isolates by the polymerase chain reaction. The sequence of this region of the 16S rRNA gene from the type strains of the Lact. acidophilus complex was sufficiently variable to allow for clear differentiation amongst each of the strains. As an initial step in the characterization of potentially probiotic strains, this technique was successfully used to identify a variety of unknown human intestinal isolates. The approach described here represents a rapid and definitive method for the identification of Lact. acidophilus complex members.
Topics: Base Sequence; DNA, Bacterial; Humans; Immunoglobulin Variable Region; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Molecular Sequence Data; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
PubMed: 11021584
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01146.x -
Poultry Science Feb 2024Chickens in commercial production are hatched in hatcheries without any contact with their parents and colonization of their skin and respiratory tract is therefore...
Chickens in commercial production are hatched in hatcheries without any contact with their parents and colonization of their skin and respiratory tract is therefore dependent on environmental sources only. However, since chickens evolved to be hatched in nests, in this study we evaluated the importance of contact between hens and chicks for the development of chicken skin and tracheal microbiota. Sequencing of PCR amplified V3/V4 variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene showed that contact with adult hens decreased the abundance of E. coli, Proteus mirabilis and Clostridium perfringens both in skin and the trachea, and Acinetobacter johnsonii and Cutibacterium acnes in skin microbiota only. These species were replaced by Lactobacillus gallinarum, Lactobacillus aviarius, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, and Streptococcus pasterianus in the skin and tracheal microbiota of contact chicks. Lactobacilli can be therefore investigated for their probiotic effect in respiratory tract in the future. Skin and respiratory microbiota of contact chickens was also enriched for Phascolarctobacterium, Succinatimonas, Flavonifractor, Blautia, and [Ruminococcus] torque though, since these are strict anaerobes from the intestinal tract, it is likely that only DNA from nonviable cells was detected for these taxa.
Topics: Animals; Female; Chickens; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Escherichia coli; Microbiota; Respiratory System
PubMed: 38052128
DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103302 -
FEMS Microbiology Letters Oct 2008The copy numbers of 16S rRNA genes in 12 probiotic Lactobacillus strains of poultry origin were analyzed. Genomic DNA of the strains was digested with restriction...
The copy numbers of 16S rRNA genes in 12 probiotic Lactobacillus strains of poultry origin were analyzed. Genomic DNA of the strains was digested with restriction endonucleases that do not cut within the 16S rRNA gene of the strains. This was followed by Southern hybridization with a biotinylated probe complementary to the 16S rRNA gene. The copy number of the 16S rRNA gene within a Lactobacillus species was found to be conserved. From the hybridization results, Lactobacillus salivarius I 24 was estimated to have seven copies of the 16S rRNA gene, Lactobacillus panis C 17 to have five copies and Lactobacillus gallinarum strains I 16 and I 26 four copies. The 16S rRNA gene copy numbers of L. gallinarum and L. panis reported in the present study are the first record. Lactobacillus brevis strains I 12, I 23, I 25, I 211, I 218 and Lactobacillus reuteri strains C 1, C 10, C 16 were estimated to have at least four copies of the 16S rRNA gene. In addition, distinct rRNA restriction patterns which could discriminate the strains of L. reuteri and L. gallinarum were also detected. Information on 16S rRNA gene copy number is important for physiological, evolutionary and population studies of the bacteria.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Southern; Chickens; DNA Restriction Enzymes; Gastrointestinal Tract; Gene Dosage; Lactobacillus; Probiotics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 18707622
DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01305.x -
The Journal of Veterinary Medical... Nov 2000Cattle have been recognized as a principal reservoir of Escherichia coli O157:H7. This organism appears to be confined to the gastrointestinal tract and is shed in...
Cattle have been recognized as a principal reservoir of Escherichia coli O157:H7. This organism appears to be confined to the gastrointestinal tract and is shed in feces. A probiotic product containing lactic acid-producing Streptococcus bovis LCB6 and Lactobacillus gallinarum LCB 12 isolated from adult cattle was developed, and a preliminary experiment was conducted to evaluate its effect on the elimination of E. coli O157 from experimentally infected calves. Eight 4-month-old Holstein calves were orally challenged with E. coli O157 and the probiotic product was administered against four calves continued fecal shedding of E. coli O157 by the 7th day after infection. Fecal shedding of E. coli O157 was completely inhibited and re-shedding was not detected in any of the animals. Remarkable increase of VFAs, especially that of acetic acid in feces after the administration of probiotic bacteria correlated with the diminution of E. coli O157. Four calves that had spontaneously ceased fecal shedding of E. coli O157 by the 7th day exhibited a high concentration of VFAs in feces before and after experimental infection. Although our results are preliminary and obtained from calves under limited conditions, the possible application of probiotic product to reduce fecal shedding of E. coli O157 from cattle is suggested.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Escherichia coli Infections; Escherichia coli O157; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Feces; Lactic Acid; Lactobacillus; Probiotics; Streptococcus bovis
PubMed: 11129857
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.62.1151